La biología sintética en el panorama de las patentes biotecnológicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2016.055.11Palabras clave:
biología sintética, patentes, propiedad industrial, biotecnología, commonsResumen
Los pretendidos efectos positivos del actual sistema de patentes en la investigación biotecnológica han sido ampliamente cuestionados. En el marco de esta crítica, se discute aquí uno de los cimientos del modelo. La tesis de la indispensabilidad de las patentes es examinada a través de tres de sus presupuestos: el acceso a la información, el acceso y uso de las invenciones y el incremento de la creatividad y de la investigación que se suponen garantizados a través de las biopatentes. Aplicado a la biología sintética, este enfoque revela que, junto a nuevas técnicas y prometedores productos potenciales, esta disciplina brinda igualmente muestra de tal problemática. Sin embargo, ofrece también una nueva visión de la propiedad industrial y de sus efectos en la investigación, basada en una concepción diferente del commons y de sus relaciones con la propiedad privada sobre los bienes inmateriales en la economía del conocimiento.
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