From Michael Sandel to César Rendueles: Is it possible to criticize the meritocracy in the name of the common good?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/isegoria.2021.65.12Keywords:
Merit, Meritocracy, Equal OpportunityAbstract
At present, the critical views of meritocracy have spread to the point that it has come to identify itself both in the academic sphere and in the media with the expression of a kind of unsupportive rhetoric on the part of those privileged people who carry it out the idea of individual merit to avoid moral and legal obligations related to equality. Two examples of this trend are The Tyranny of Merit according to Michael Sandel, and in Spain, the recent essay by César Rendueles Against Equal Opportunities. This article tries to place such criticisms in the narrow field of the meritocracy’s perceptions regarding a certain “arrogance” as a matter of “style”, refuting the substance of these critical views of merit. At the same time, some measures are pointed out to resolve the tension between the principles of merit and equality.
Downloads
References
Adkins, A. W. H. (1960) Merit and Responsability: A Study in Greek Ethics, University of Chicago.
Ayala Cañón, L. (2016) "Desigualdad estructural, crecimiento económico y redistribución: ¿una nueva agenda?", Revista española del tercer sector, núm. 32, pp. 47-76
Bagües, M. F. (2005) "¿Qué determina el éxito en unas oposiciones?", XII Encuentro de Economía Pública. Evaluación de las Políticas Públicas, Palma de Mallorca.
Barrère, M., Campos Rubio, A. (2005) Igualdad de oportunidades e igualdad de género: una relación a debate, Dykinson, Madrid.
Bell, D. (1976) El advenimiento de la sociedad post-industrial, Alianza, Madrid.
Bloodworth, J. (2016) The Myth of Meritocracy: Why Working-Class Kids Still Get Working-Class Jobs, Biteback Publishing, London.
Bobbio, N. (1993) Igualdad y libertad, Paidós, Barcelona.
Bourdieu, P. (2013) La nobleza de estado. Educación de elite y espíritu de cuerpo, Siglo XXI, México.
Byung-Chul Han (2014) Psicopolítica, Herder, Barcelona.
Dupuy, J. P. (1998) El sacrificio y la envidia. El liberalismo frente a la justicia social, Gedisa, Barcelona.
Galbraith J. K. (1992) La cultura de la satisfacción, Ariel, Barcelona.
García Cívico, J. (2006) "La difusa discriminación por el mérito: genealogía y desarrollo", Anuario de filosofía del derecho, núm. 23, pp. 309-336
García Cívico, J. (2017) "La idea de mérito en la antigüedad griega", Thémata: Revista de filosofía, núm. 55, pp. 219-248. https://doi.org/10.12795/themata.2017.i55.10
Goldthorpe, J., Erikson, E. (1993) The Constant Flux: A Study of Class Mobility in Industrial Societies, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Hirschman, A. O. (1994) Retóricas de la intransigencia, FCE, México.
Klasen, S., Lamanna, F. (2009) "The impact of gender inequality in education and employment on economic growth: New evidence for a panel of countries", Feminist Economics, 15: 3, pp. 91-132. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545700902893106
Kleinig, J. (1971) "The Concept of Desert", American Philosophical Quarterly, 8 (1), pp. 71-78.
Lamont, J. (1994) "The Concept of Desert in Distributive Justice", Philosophical Quarterly 44, pp. 45-64. https://doi.org/10.2307/2220146
Littler, J. (2018) Against Meritocracy Culture, Power and Myths of Mobilit, Routledge, London. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315712802
Locke, J. (1991) Dos ensayos sobre el gobierno civil, Espasa-Calpe, Madrid.
Marshall, T. H. (1998) Ciudadanía y clase social, Alianza, Madrid. https://doi.org/10.2307/40184017
McNamee S. J., Miller, R. K. (2014) The meritocracy myth, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham.
Miller, D. (1999) "Desert and Merit", en E. Craig (ed.) Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, vol. III, Routledge, London/New York.
Miller, D. (1999) Principles of Social Justice, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Mulligan, Th. (2018) Justice and the Meritocratic State, Routledge, New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315270005
Musti, D. (2020) Demokratía. Orígenes de una idea, Alianza, Madrid.
Noya, J. (2004) Ciudadanos ambivalentes. Actitudes ante la igualdad y el Estado de bienestar en España, Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas, Siglo XXI, Madrid.
Rendueles, C. (2020) Contra la igualdad de oportunidades. Un panfleto igualitarista, Seix Barral, Barcelona.
Rodríguez Villabona, A. A. (en prensa) «Del mérito a la meritocracia: aproximación conceptual e histórica», Meritocracia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Ruiz-Pérez, J. I. (en prensa) "Meritocracia: perspectivas psicosociales", Meritocracia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Sandel, M. (2020) La tiranía del mérito, Debate, Madrid.
Sher, G. (1987) «Effort, Ability, and Personal Desert», Philosophy and Public Affairs, 8, pp. 361-376.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.






